{"id":295,"date":"2023-10-03T13:03:32","date_gmt":"2023-10-03T12:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.naturacommunities.ie\/tabhacht-bratphortach\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T13:00:25","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T13:00:25","slug":"tabhacht-bratphortach","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.naturacommunities.ie\/ga\/tabhacht-bratphortach\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1bhacht Bratphortach"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C\u00e9n f\u00e1th a bhfuil bratphortaigh t\u00e1bhachtach?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ar dt\u00fas chl\u00fadaigh siad achar de thart ar 7,750 km2<\/sup> (775,000 heicte\u00e1r n\u00f3 1,915,067 acra), is iad bratphortaigh na portaigh is fairsinge de thailte m\u00f3na na h\u00c9ireann. Is ionann an limist\u00e9ar seo agus 8% de bhratphortaigh an domhain. Ach c\u00e9n f\u00e1th a bhfuil na gn\u00e1th\u00f3ga seo t\u00e1bhachtach?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1 bratphortaigh t\u00e1bhachtach ar roinnt c\u00faiseanna \u00e9ags\u00fala, \u00f3 pheirspict\u00edochta\u00ed s\u00f3isialta, eacnama\u00edocha, comhshaoil agus cult\u00fartha. St\u00f3r\u00e1lann portaigh m\u00e9ideanna ollmh\u00f3ra carb\u00f3in, is taiscumair uisce \u00f3il iad, agus sol\u00e1thra\u00edonn siad gn\u00e1th\u00f3ga don fhiadh\u00falra uath\u00fail at\u00e1 i mbaol. D\u00e9an ini\u00fachadh ar an t\u00e1bhacht a bhaineann le portaigh faoi na ceannteidil th\u00edos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Emissions<\/figure> <\/div>

Aer\u00e1id<\/h3>
St\u00f3r\u00e1lann tailte m\u00f3na na h\u00c9ireann, bratphortaigh san \u00e1ireamh, 53% den charb\u00f3n ar fad at\u00e1 st\u00f3r\u00e1ilte ar oile\u00e1n na h\u00c9ireann<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Emissions<\/figure> <\/div>

Is cine\u00e1l Tailte m\u00f3na iad bratphortaigh. N\u00ed chl\u00fada\u00edonn tailte m\u00f3na ach 3% de dhromchla an domhain, ach st\u00f3r\u00e1lann siad an m\u00e9id carb\u00f3in faoi dh\u00f3 mar fhoraois\u00ed. Bail\u00edonn tailte m\u00f3na nach gcuirtear isteach orthu 0.5 tonna carb\u00f3in in aghaidh an heicte\u00e1ir in aghaidh na bliana. Meastar gur f\u00e9idir le tailte m\u00f3na 2 mh\u00e9adar ar doimhneacht 8,000 tonna carb\u00f3in a st\u00f3r\u00e1il in aghaidh an heicte\u00e1ir. Gabhtar carb\u00f3n i dtailte m\u00f3na mar gheall ar charnadh \u00e1bhar planda leath-lobhartha le himeacht ama. S\u00fann planda\u00ed carb\u00f3n (leithlisi\u00fa carb\u00f3in) de r\u00e9ir mar a fh\u00e1sann siad ar an bportach, agus mar gheall ar easpa miocrorg\u00e1nach a bhaineann leis na coinn\u00edollacha b\u00e1ite agus anaer\u00f3bach (easpa ocsaigine), nuair a fhaigheann siad b\u00e1s n\u00ed dhianscaoileann siad go hioml\u00e1n. Comhbhr\u00faitear an t-\u00e1bhar leathlofa chun m\u00f3in a dh\u00e9anamh, a choinn\u00edonn carb\u00f3n. Creidtear go nd\u00e9anann caonach sphagnum, speiceas an-choitianta portaigh, n\u00edos m\u00f3 carb\u00f3in a leithlisi\u00fa agus a choinne\u00e1il n\u00e1 aon phlanda tal\u00fan eile. Mar sin, t\u00e1 r\u00f3l suntasach ag portaigh i rial\u00fa aer\u00e1ide, ag ions\u00fa carb\u00f3in \u00f3n atmaisf\u00e9ar agus m\u00e1 t\u00e1 s\u00e9 sl\u00e1n is f\u00e9idir leo carb\u00f3n a st\u00f3r\u00e1il ar feadh na m\u00edlte bliain. Meastar go st\u00f3r\u00e1lann tailte m\u00f3na na h\u00c9ireann, lena n-\u00e1ir\u00edtear \u00e1r bratphortaigh, 1085 Megatona (Mt) carb\u00f3in, arb ionann \u00e9 agus 53% den charb\u00f3n ithreach go l\u00e9ir at\u00e1 st\u00f3r\u00e1ilte ar oile\u00e1n na h\u00c9ireann ar 16% den limist\u00e9ar tal\u00fan. Mar sin, t\u00e1 portaigh na h\u00c9ireann ar cheann de na hacmhainn\u00ed is luachmhaire at\u00e1 againn chun cabhr\u00fa le dul i ngleic le cliseadh aer\u00e1ide.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n

\"Habitat<\/figure> <\/div>

N\u00e1d\u00far<\/h3>
sol\u00e1thra\u00edonn bratphortaigh gn\u00e1th\u00f3ga do raon leathan speiceas, cuid acu at\u00e1 tearc agus\/n\u00f3 faoi bhagairt<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Habitat<\/figure> <\/div>

C\u00e9 go bhfeicimid bratphortaigh mar ghn\u00e1th\u00f3g choitianta in \u00c9irinn, is annamh a bh\u00edonn siad ar fud an domhain. T\u00e1 d\u00e1ileadh bratphortach teoranta go ginear\u00e1lta do cheantair aig\u00e9anacha le b\u00e1isteach ard agus fola\u00edonn s\u00e9 \u00e1iteanna mar an Iorua, Talamh an \u00c9isc (Ceanada), an tSeap\u00e1in, Leithinis Kamchatka (An R\u00fais), Tierra del Fuego (An tSile\/An Airgint\u00edn), Oile\u00e1in Fh\u00e1clainne, Tasm\u00e1in (An Astr\u00e1il), Nua an tSalainn agus an Bhreatain. Sol\u00e1thra\u00edonn bratphortaigh gn\u00e1th\u00f3g do raon speiceas planda\u00ed agus ainmhithe at\u00e1 tearc, faoi bhagairt agus i go leor c\u00e1sanna at\u00e1 ag meath. C\u00e9 gur f\u00e9idir \u00e9ags\u00falacht na speiceas a fhaightear ar bhratphortaigh a bheith beag, t\u00e1 go leor acu an-oiri\u00fanaithe le teicn\u00edc\u00ed marthanais speisialta. F\u00e9ach forbhreathn\u00fa ar roinnt pr\u00f3if\u00edl\u00ed suimi\u00fala speiceas\u2026<\/p>\n

\"Sphagnum<\/figure> <\/div>

Caonach Sphagnum<\/h3>
Feidhm\u00edonn s\u00e9 mar sp\u00fainse agus is f\u00e9idir leis suas le 20 uair a mhe\u00e1chan tirim f\u00e9in a sheasamh in uisce<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Sphagnum<\/figure> <\/div>

Mar phlanda neamhshoith\u00edoch (gan fr\u00e9amhacha), d\u00e9anann sphagnum uisce agus cothaithigh a ions\u00fa go d\u00edreach tr\u00ed dhromchla an phlanda. Ligeann socr\u00fa na mbr\u00f3ga agus na mbrains\u00ed ar sphagnum uisce a choinne\u00e1il go h\u00e9asca. T\u00e1 cealla m\u00f3ra \u2018marbh\u2019 folamh (cealla hyaline) ag sphagnum le p\u00f3ir (oscailt\u00ed), \u00e1it a dt\u00e9ann uisce isteach sa phlanda. St\u00f3r\u00e1iltear uisce sna cealla hyaline a dh\u00e9anann suas an chuid is m\u00f3 den phlanda; is f\u00e9idir leis n\u00edos m\u00f3 n\u00e1 20 uair a mhe\u00e1chan tirim f\u00e9in a shealbh\u00fa in uisce. B\u00edonn rath ar an Sphagnum i nd\u00e1la\u00ed fliucha agus aig\u00e9adacha, rud a fh\u00e1gann gur gn\u00e1th\u00f3g iontach \u00e9 an portach. Go deimhin, is f\u00e9idir le sphagnum pH an timpeallacht m\u00e1guaird a athr\u00fa, rud a chrutha\u00edonn coinn\u00edollacha n\u00edos aig\u00e9ada\u00ed chun a roghanna f\u00e1is f\u00e9in a chur chun cinn. Le linn an Ch\u00e9ad Chogadh Domhanda, baineadh \u00fas\u00e1id as caonach sphagnum i bhfeistis cr\u00e9achta mar gheall ar a chumais ions\u00fach\u00e1in eisceacht\u00fala, chomh maith lena n-air\u00edonna antaiseipteach.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n

\"Sundew\"<\/figure> <\/div>

Dr\u00facht\u00edn\u00ed gr\u00e9ine, lus an fh\u00e9ile agus lus an lamhn\u00e1<\/h3>
Cuir lena n-iont\u00f3g\u00e1il cothaitheach tr\u00ed fheithid\u00ed a ithe<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Sundew\"<\/figure> <\/div>

Is planda\u00ed feithideacha (ithe feithid\u00ed) iad dr\u00facht\u00edn\u00ed gr\u00e9ine, lus an fh\u00e9ile agus lus an lamhn\u00e1in. Is f\u00e9idir leis na planda\u00ed portaigh seo maireacht\u00e1il i gcoinn\u00edollacha bochta cothaitheach tr\u00edna n-iont\u00f3g\u00e1il mianra\u00ed a fhorl\u00edonadh tr\u00ed fheithid\u00ed beaga a ithe. Gabhann an dr\u00facht agus an lus na gr\u00e9ine feithid\u00ed ar a nduilleoga greamaitheacha. T\u00e1 suas le 200 braiteog i nduilleoga beaga dearga an dr\u00facht\u00edn, agus t\u00e1 braiteog ag gach ceann acu agus an fhaireog mh\u00fac\u00f3is ag a bharr. T\u00e1irgeann an fhaireog seo substaint ghreamaitheach a mheallann feithid\u00ed gan amhras a sh\u00edleann a neachtar. B\u00edonn dr\u00facht\u00edn\u00ed gr\u00e9ine ag creach ar fheithid\u00ed beaga mar mh\u00edolt\u00f3g ach fuarthas amach go bhfuil speicis n\u00edos m\u00f3 cos\u00fail le damselflies gafa ag duilleoga iolracha ag an am c\u00e9anna. Ar an me\u00e1n is f\u00e9idir le dr\u00facht\u00edn suas le c\u00faig feithid\u00ed a ghabh\u00e1il in aghaidh na m\u00edosa. T\u00e1 tr\u00ed speiceas dr\u00facht na gr\u00e9ine in \u00c9irinn, an Dr\u00facht Cruinn (Drosera rotundifolia<\/em>), an Dr\u00facht\u00edn Me\u00e1nach (Drosera intermedia<\/em>) a fhaightear in iarthar na h\u00c9ireann, agus an Dr\u00facht\u00edn Fadadhuilleach (Drosera anglica<\/em>), a fhaightear go pr\u00edomha i linnte portaigh ar an bportach.<\/p>\n

B\u00edonn duilleoga greamaitheacha ag lus an fh\u00e9ile freisin, a l\u00fabann go mall thar na feithid\u00ed a ghaisti\u00fa sula nd\u00e9anann sreabh\u00e1in at\u00e1 faoi r\u00fan \u00f3 na faireoga duill\u00ed an chreiche a dh\u00edle\u00e1 go mall. T\u00e1 tr\u00ed speiceas lus an fh\u00e9ile le f\u00e1il in \u00c9irinn, is iad an d\u00e1 speiceas is m\u00f3 n\u00e1 an lus an fh\u00e9ile Coiteann (Pinguicula vulgaris<\/em>), agus an lus an fh\u00e9ile M\u00f3rbhl\u00e1th (Pinguicula grandiflora<\/em>) a d\u2019fh\u00e9adfadh suas le 8cm trasna a thomhas agus a bhfuil bl\u00e1thanna daite corcairghorm orthu. Is \u00e9 an lus an fh\u00e9ile B\u00e1n is l\u00fa an tr\u00ed\u00fa speiceas (Pinguicula lusitanica<\/em>), a thomhas 1-2 cm trasna agus bl\u00e1thanna beaga b\u00e1ndearga geala.<\/p>\n

Murab ionann agus an Dr\u00facht\u00edn\u00ed gr\u00e9ine agus lus an fh\u00e9ile a fhaightear ar dhromchla an phortaigh, is uisceach iad lus an lamhn\u00e1in, a fhaightear i linnte agus i gcain\u00e9il uisce sa phortach. D\u00edortha\u00edtear an t-ainm \u00f3 na gaist\u00ed cos\u00fail le lamhn\u00e1n at\u00e1 ar an ngas planda at\u00e1 b\u00e1ite faoin uisce. Gn\u00edomhachta\u00edonn feithid at\u00e1 ag dul thart agus a bhuaileann gruaige truicear amach ag an mbealach isteach chuig an lamhn\u00e1n an gaiste. Su\u00edonn fol\u00fas laistigh den lamhn\u00e1n an fheithid\u00ed taobh istigh i n\u00edos l\u00fa n\u00e1 soicind. Ansin scaoiltear sreabh\u00e1in d\u00edle\u00e1cha \u00f3 dhromchla istigh an lamhn\u00e1n chun cabhr\u00fa leis an gcreach a bhriseadh agus na cothaithigh a ions\u00fa. Faightear ceithre speiceas de lus an lamhn\u00e1in in \u00c9irinn; Lus na Lamhn\u00e1n Coiteann (Utricularia vulgaris<\/em>), Lus na Lamhn\u00e1n Me\u00e1nach (Utricularia idirmhe\u00e1nach<\/em>), Lus na Lamhn\u00e1n Theas (Utricularia astr\u00e1il<\/em>) agus Lus na Lamhn\u00e1n Beag (Utricularia mion<\/em>).<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n

\"Damselfly\"<\/figure> <\/div>

Sn\u00e1thaid\u00ed Mh\u00f3r & B\u00e9chuil\u00ed<\/h3>
Caitheamh an chuid is m\u00f3 d\u00e1 saolr\u00e9 mar nimfeach uisceach<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Damselfly\"<\/figure> <\/div>

A bhaineann leis an ngr\u00fapa feithid\u00ed Odonata, t\u00e1 24 speiceas de b\u00e9chuil agus de sn\u00e1thaid mh\u00f3r ina gc\u00f3na\u00ed in \u00c9irinn. Is iad seo na feithid\u00ed is m\u00f3 a bhaineann le portaigh agus t\u00e1 siad ag brath go hioml\u00e1n ar fhionnuisce chun a saolr\u00e9 a chr\u00edochn\u00fa. T\u00e1 ar a laghad 12 speiceas \u00c9ireannach le f\u00e1il ar phortaigh. Tugtar bithth\u00e1scaire ar odonates freisin agus is f\u00e9idir go l\u00e9ir\u00edonn a l\u00e1ithreacht ardch\u00e1il\u00edocht uisce. Leagann ainmh\u00ed f\u00e1sta uibheacha taobh istigh de ghais n\u00f3 duilleoga planda\u00ed uisceacha n\u00f3 san uisce n\u00f3 sa l\u00e1ib fhliuch. D\u00e9antar c\u00e9im luath shaolr\u00e9 na n-od\u00f3n\u00e1it\u00ed a chaitheamh mar nymph uisc\u00ed (larbha), a chotha\u00edonn ainmhithe beaga uisceacha. Is \u00ed an ch\u00e9im seo an ch\u00e9im is faide ar fad den saolr\u00e9, a mhairfidh bliain n\u00f3 dh\u00f3 de ghn\u00e1th, ach maireann s\u00e9 \u00f3 ch\u00fapla m\u00ed go c\u00faig bliana i gc\u00e1s roinnt speiceas. Ansin meiteamorfa\u00edonn na nymphs (athr\u00fa) agus tagann siad chun cinn mar ainmh\u00ed f\u00e1sta ar feadh na tr\u00e9imhse eitilte, nach maireann ach c\u00fapla m\u00ed (15-22 seachtaine), c\u00e9 go bhfaighidh go leor ainmhithe b\u00e1s laistigh de ch\u00fapla l\u00e1 tar \u00e9is d\u00f3ibh teacht chun cinn mar gheall ar dhrochaimsir n\u00f3 creachad\u00f3ireacht.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n

\"Golden<\/figure> <\/div>

Fead\u00f3g Bhu\u00ed<\/h3>
ar cheann de na h\u00e9in ghoir is tearca in \u00c9irinn<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Golden<\/figure> <\/div>

T\u00e1 an Fead\u00f3g Bhu\u00ed (Pluvialis apricaria<\/em>) ar cheann de na h\u00e9in ghoir is annamha in \u00c9irinn agus t\u00e1 s\u00e9 ar Liosta Dearg na h\u00c9ireann d\u2019\u00c9in ar \u00fadar imn\u00ed iad a chaomhn\u00fa (2020-2026) agus t\u00e1 s\u00e9 liostaithe freisin in Iarscr\u00edbhinn I de Threoir an AE maidir le h\u00c9in. Meastach\u00e1n an daon\u00e1irimh is d\u00e9ana\u00ed idir 134 agus 156 p\u00e9ire p\u00f3r\u00fach\u00e1in. Mar sin f\u00e9in, rinneadh na suirbh\u00e9anna seo idir 2002 agus 2004 agus mar sin is d\u00f3cha go bhfuil laghd\u00fa tagtha ar dhaonra \u00f3 shin. P\u00f3ra\u00edonn Fead\u00f3g Bhu\u00ed ar bhratphortaigh in iarthar agus iarthuaisceart na h\u00c9ireann. Is \u00e9ard at\u00e1 san aiste bia at\u00e1 acu n\u00e1 inveirteabraigh cos\u00fail le cuileoga crann agus ciar\u00f3ga, chomh maith le h\u00e1bhair phlanda\u00ed lena n-\u00e1ir\u00edtear s\u00edolta, f\u00e9ara agus caora, at\u00e1 ar f\u00e1il ar \u00e1r bportaigh. Mar \u00e9an a neada\u00edonn ar an talamh, t\u00e1 duaithn\u00edocht gor thar a bheith t\u00e1bhachtach chun na h\u00f3g\u00e1naigh a chosaint \u00f3 chreachad\u00f3ir\u00ed. Meaitse\u00e1lann sic\u00edn\u00ed Fead\u00f3g Bhu\u00ed na caonach \u00f3 fhl\u00f3ra na tal\u00fan ina ngn\u00e1th\u00f3g.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n

\"Greenland<\/figure> <\/div>

G\u00e9 Bh\u00e1n\u00e9adanach Ghraonlainn<\/h3>
Tugadh an \u2018g\u00e9 portach\u2019 air toisc gurbh iad na portaigh a bpr\u00edomh-\u00e1iteanna beathaithe<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Greenland<\/figure> <\/div>

T\u00e1 G\u00e9 Bh\u00e1n\u00e9adanach na Graonlainne (Anser albifrons) ar cheann de na speicis gh\u00e9anna is annamha san Eoraip, t\u00e1 s\u00e9 liostaithe in \u00c9in Imn\u00ed Caomhnaithe na h\u00c9ireann (2020-2026), at\u00e1 liostaithe in Iarscr\u00edbhinn I de Threoir an AE maidir le h\u00c9in agus a chatag\u00f3iri\u00fa mar at\u00e1 i mBaol faoi Liosta Dearg na Speicis faoi Bhagairt de chuid an IUCN. T\u00e1 ainm an speicis ceangailte lena raon p\u00f3raithe samhraidh sa Ghraonlainn agus le slios b\u00e1n an \u00e9in. Geimhreadh \u00e9in in \u00c9irinn agus in Albain agus go traidisi\u00fanta tugadh an \u2018g\u00e9 portaigh\u2019 ar an speiceas toisc gurbh iad na portaigh a bpr\u00edomh-\u00e1iteanna beathaithe, \u00e1it ar ith siad fr\u00e9amhacha cothaitheacha an ts\u00edb bh\u00e1in agus an chad\u00e1s portaigh. Ar an drochuair, t\u00e1 go leor de na daonra\u00ed portaigh seo eas\u00e1itithe de bharr caillteanas gn\u00e1th\u00f3ige agus t\u00e1 g\u00e9anna d\u00edl\u00e1ithrithe anois chuig riasca fionnuisce agus tailte f\u00e9araigh fliucha.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n

\"Water<\/figure> <\/div>

Taiscumar Uisce<\/h3>
ions\u00fann portaigh uisce mar sp\u00fainse, a riala\u00edonn sreabhadh uisce agus a fheabhsa\u00edonn c\u00e1il\u00edocht an uisce<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Water<\/figure> <\/div>

Is taiscumair ollmh\u00f3ra iad bratphortaigh ina bhfuil thart ar 90% uisce. Freastala\u00edonn portaigh ar dhobharlaigh (m.sh. aibhneacha, locha, linnte portaigh), riala\u00edonn sreabhadh uisce agus is f\u00e9idir leo a bheith ina bhfoinse d\u2019uisce \u00f3il ar ardchaighde\u00e1n. D\u00e9anfaidh portach a fheidhm\u00edonn i gceart na cothaithigh thuaslagtha, na dr\u00edodar agus na truaille\u00e1in at\u00e1 san uisce a scagadh agus a choinne\u00e1il, agus feabhs\u00f3idh s\u00e9 c\u00e1il\u00edocht an uisce a scaoiltear \u00f3n bportach sa deireadh. S\u00fann portaigh freisin uisce cos\u00fail le sp\u00fainse, a riala\u00edonn sreabhadh uisce tr\u00ed rith chun srutha uisce a mhoilli\u00fa laistigh de dhobharcheantair abhann agus mar sin d\u00e9anann na ceantair agus an timpeallacht m\u00e1guaird n\u00edos m\u00f3 athl\u00e9imn\u00ed i gcoinne tuilte.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n

\"Coir<\/figure> <\/div>

Slite Beatha<\/h3>
is f\u00e9idir le portaigh tac\u00fa le pobail tuaithe, ag sol\u00e1thar ioncaim tr\u00ed thalmha\u00edocht, turas\u00f3ireacht agus caitheamh aimsire<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Coir<\/figure> <\/div>

N\u00ed hamh\u00e1in go mbaineann \u00e1r sple\u00e1chas ar bhratphortaigh le seirbh\u00eds\u00ed \u00e9iceach\u00f3rais comhshaoil (m.sh. sol\u00e1thar uisce, cosaint tuilte, maol\u00fa aer\u00e1ide), ach is f\u00e9idir leis na gn\u00e1th\u00f3ga seo tac\u00fa le pobail tuaithe tr\u00ed ioncam \u00f3 thalmha\u00edocht, turas\u00f3ireacht agus caitheamh aimsire.<\/p>\n

Bratphortaigh is m\u00f3 at\u00e1 in ardtailte na h\u00c9ireann agus go leor de na tailte talmha\u00edochta ar ch\u00f3sta thiar na h\u00c9ireann. Go traidisi\u00fanta bh\u00ed na tailte seo in \u00fas\u00e1id le haghaidh f\u00e9arach garbh ag eallach agus caoirigh, agus t\u00e1 s\u00e9 t\u00e1bhachtach go nd\u00e9anfa\u00ed an cleachtas seo a bhainisti\u00fa go hinbhuanaithe. Is f\u00e9idir leis na tailte seo \u00edoca\u00edochta\u00ed a mhealladh anois tr\u00ed sc\u00e9imeanna agra-chomhshaoil, \u00e1it a dtugtar luach saothair d\u2019fheirmeoir\u00ed as tailte a choinne\u00e1il i riocht maith \u00e9iceola\u00edochta.<\/p>\n

C\u00e9 go bhfuil siad coitianta in \u00c9irinn, t\u00e1 bratphortaigh go hidirn\u00e1isi\u00fanta \u00farnua, a mbreathna\u00edtear orthu mar th\u00edrdhreacha le go leor \u00e1illeachta agus intleachta. Is ioma\u00ed cuairteoir idirn\u00e1isi\u00fanta nach bhfaca bratphortach riamh roimhe seo agus is beag eolas at\u00e1 acu orthu, rud a fh\u00e1gann gur s\u00f3cmhainn th\u00e1bhachtach iad do thuras\u00f3ireacht agus marga\u00edocht a dh\u00e9anamh ar \u00c9irinn mar cheann scr\u00edbe turas\u00f3ireachta ar leith.<\/p>\n

Cuireann bratphortaigh \u00e9ags\u00falacht deiseanna \u00e1ineasa lasmuigh ar f\u00e1il freisin, ar f\u00e9idir leo cur le foll\u00e1ine fhisici\u00fail agus mheabhrach shocha\u00ed na h\u00c9ireann; \u00e1ir\u00edtear leis na gn\u00edomha\u00edochta\u00ed si\u00fal agus f\u00e1na\u00edocht, dreapad\u00f3ireacht, faire \u00e9an agus fiadh\u00falra, l\u00e1mhach g\u00e9im, iascaireacht, cadhc\u00e1il agus grianghrafad\u00f3ireacht. Is f\u00e9idir leis na deiseanna seo tac\u00fa le turas\u00f3ireacht inbhuanaithe i bpobail tuaithe freisin.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n

\"Halloween<\/figure> <\/div>

Oidhreacht<\/h3>
spreagann portaigh scr\u00edbhneoir\u00ed, eala\u00edont\u00f3ir\u00ed agus ceolt\u00f3ir\u00ed, t\u00e1 an oidhreacht chult\u00fartha agus n\u00e1d\u00fartha araon caomhnaithe acu, rud a fh\u00e1gann gur eochair iad d\u00e1r dtraidisi\u00fain agus \u00e1r dt\u00edrdhreacha \u00e1rsa<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Halloween<\/figure> <\/div>

T\u00e1 luach iontach cult\u00fartha ag baint len\u00e1r bportaigh agus na t\u00edrdhreacha ina bhfaightear iad. T\u00e1 \u00e1bhar curtha ar f\u00e1il acu do thraidisi\u00fain agus b\u00e9aloideas, inspior\u00e1id do scr\u00edbhneoir\u00ed, eala\u00edont\u00f3ir\u00ed agus ceolt\u00f3ir\u00ed, chomh maith le d\u00e9ant\u00fas\u00e1in \u00f3n\u00e1r r\u00e9 \u00e1rsa a chaomhn\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Athr\u00fa crutha scili\u00fail ab ea an P\u00faca (n\u00f3 Pooka), a bh\u00ed in ann foirmeacha \u00e9ags\u00fala a ghlacadh mar dhaonna, ainmh\u00ed n\u00f3 si\u00f3g\/gruagach, n\u00f3 measc\u00e1n cos\u00fail le gn\u00e9ithe daonna agus ainmhithe. Is minic a bh\u00ed an P\u00faca le feice\u00e1il i su\u00edomhanna tuaithe agus bhain s\u00e9 le h\u00fas\u00e1id na bportach mar phas\u00e1ist\u00ed chun cabhr\u00fa le daoine n\u00f3 daoine a chur am\u00fa.<\/p>\n

Tagra\u00edonn Will-o\u2019-the-wisp do shoilse i bhfad i gc\u00e9in a fheictear thar an bportach, a tharla\u00edonn sa Bhreatain agus in \u00c9irinn araon. Tugann sc\u00e9alta b\u00e9aloidis cuntas ar na soilse seo ag dul ar seachr\u00e1n thar an bportach agus b\u2019fh\u00e9idir go raibh baint acu le f\u00edor-eachtra\u00ed daoine ag dul ar iarraidh sna portaigh, agus le teacht ar choirp portaigh. T\u00e1 c\u00fais eola\u00edoch leis an bhfeinim\u00e9an socraithe f\u00f3s. Is \u00e9 an m\u00edni\u00fa is fearr, \u00e1fach, n\u00e1 bogsholas ceimiceach n\u00f3 ocsa\u00eddi\u00fa \u00f3 \u00e1bhar org\u00e1nach at\u00e1 ag lobhadh sa phortach ina bhfuil g\u00e1is cos\u00fail le meat\u00e1n \u00e1 scaoileadh, a dh\u00f3lann san aer agus a th\u00e1irgeann solas gorm-b\u00e1n. Scaipeann an solas seo ansin m\u00e1 t\u00e1 an t-aer suaite, mar shampla m\u00e1 thagann duine isteach sa cheantar.<\/p>\n

Chomh maith le bheith ina st\u00f3r carb\u00f3in den scoth, is f\u00e9idir le portaigh d\u00e9ant\u00e1in agus gn\u00e9ithe t\u00edrdhreacha \u00f3n\u00e1r stair \u00e1rsa a st\u00f3r\u00e1il. Faoi bhun na bratphortach i Maigh Eo Thuaidh, is c\u00f3ras p\u00e1irceanna \u00e9 P\u00e1irceanna C\u00e9ide, th\u00e1ngthas ar \u00e1itribh dhaonna agus tuama\u00ed agus a th\u00e9ann siar go dt\u00ed beagnach 6,000 bliain \u00f3 shin. Ar th\u00e1ngthas air sna 1930id\u00ed, t\u00e1 an s\u00e9adchomhartha Neoiliteach seo (Aois na Cloiche) a thaispe\u00e1nann t\u00edrdhreach saothraithe ar an s\u00e9adchomhartha is fairsinge d\u00e1 leith\u00e9id ar domhan. Chabhraigh coinn\u00edollacha anaer\u00f3bach (gan ocsaigin) le caomhn\u00fa na nd\u00e9ant\u00e1n, rud ar bith is suntasa\u00ed n\u00e1 \u2018corp portaigh\u2019. T\u00e1 iarsma\u00ed mumaithe ioml\u00e1n le gn\u00e9ithe aghaidhe, aims\u00edodh tairn\u00ed, m\u00e9arloirg agus gruaig ar fud na hEorpa, tar \u00e9is iad a chaomhn\u00fa leis na m\u00edlte bliain. I measc na sampla\u00ed \u00f3 \u00c9irinn t\u00e1 \u2018Fear Oldcroghan\u2019 as Co. U\u00edbh Fhail\u00ed, Fear Caiseal as Co. Laoise, Fear Gallach as Co. na Gaillimhe agus Fear Bhaile an Bhar\u00fanaigh Thiar as Co. Chill Dara. C\u00e9 go ndearnadh go leor de na fionnachtana seo i bportaigh ardaithe, coime\u00e1dtar a sheaniarsma\u00ed f\u00e9ideartha laistigh d\u00e1r bratphortaigh. Thug taighde ar na fionnachtana seo le fios go raibh cuid acu mar chuid de bh\u00e1sanna agus adhlactha\u00ed deasghn\u00e1tha agus \u00edobartach. Nochtadh go leor r\u00e9ad taobh le coirp portaigh agus mar mh\u00edreanna neamh-idirdhealaitheacha ar fud phortaigh na h\u00c9ireann lena n-\u00e1ir\u00edtear m\u00edreanna arm (sord, sciatha agus cinn sle\u00e1), marc\u00f3ir\u00ed teorann, uirlis\u00ed f\u00e9asta (cup\u00e1in agus coireanna), \u00e9ada\u00ed (cl\u00f3ta\u00ed agus caip\u00edn\u00ed), seodra agus ceannbhearta, agus earra\u00ed a bhaineann le t\u00e1irgeadh bainne agus arbhair (clocha bhr\u00f3n agus \u2018im portaigh\u2019), i measc go leor eile. Cuireann na tortha\u00ed seo go l\u00e9ir go m\u00f3r len\u00e1r dtuiscint ar sheandaoine agus ar a dtraidisi\u00fain, rud a shaibhr\u00edonn \u00e1r dtaifead oidhreachta agus seand\u00e1la\u00edochta in \u00c9irinn.<\/p>\n

Bh\u00ed portaigh agus na traidisi\u00fain a bhaineann leo mar chuid l\u00e1rnach de shaothair eala\u00edont\u00f3ir\u00ed, fil\u00ed agus ceolt\u00f3ir\u00ed, sa l\u00e1 at\u00e1 inniu ann agus le d\u00e9ana\u00ed. Ba mh\u00f3r an spreagadh iad t\u00edrdhreacha agus muirdhreacha iarthar na h\u00c9ireann don eala\u00edont\u00f3ir cl\u00faiteach Paul Henry, lena n-\u00e1ir\u00edtear saothair ar n\u00f3s \u2018Portach \u00c9ireannach\u2019, \u2018Portach cois Farraige\u2019 agus \u2018An Portach um Tr\u00e1thn\u00f3na\u2019. Bh\u00ed eala\u00edont\u00f3ir\u00ed n\u00edos deireana\u00ed ar n\u00f3s Barrie Cooke spreagtha ag an d\u00falra agus ag athr\u00fa na timpeallachta; ina shaothar Megaceros Hibernicus, thaispe\u00e1in s\u00e9 an fathach \u00c9ireannach (Megaloceros giganteus) at\u00e1 imithe in \u00e9ag anois agus a fuarthas creatlach de \u00f3 na portaigh. Baineann go leor saothar leis an bhfile Seamus Heaney le portaigh le cnuasach \u2018D\u00e1nta Portach\u2019 ina measc \u2018Talamh portaigh\u2019, \u2018Banr\u00edon an Phortaigh\u2019 agus \u2018B\u00e9al Dearg\u2019. N\u00ed \u00e9ala\u00edonn an ceol \u00f3 shluasaid an phortaigh ach an oiread leis an gceol tradisi\u00fanta cl\u00faiteach \u2018Na G\u00e9anna sa Phortach\u2019 a sheinntear ag go leor cruinnithe n\u00f3 fi\u00fa ceol nua-aimseartha \u2018Cos\u00fail le Daoine F\u00edor\u2019 le Hozier spreagtha ag coirp an phortaigh.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n

\"Habitat<\/figure> <\/div>

Taighde & Oideachas<\/h3>
t\u00e1 taifead t\u00e1bhachtach ag portaigh d\u00e1r n-oidhreacht n\u00e1d\u00fartha agus d\u2019athr\u00fa comhshaoil<\/div> <\/div>
⯈<\/span> ⯆<\/span> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/div>
\"Habitat<\/figure> <\/div>

Chomh maith le l\u00e9argas a thabhairt ar \u00e1r dtraidisi\u00fain agus ar \u00e1r seand\u00e1la\u00edocht san am a chuaigh thart, is taifead t\u00e1bhachtach iad bratphortaigh d\u00e1r n-oidhreacht n\u00e1d\u00fartha agus d\u2019athr\u00fa comhshaoil. De r\u00e9ir mar a bhail\u00edonn m\u00f3in glacann s\u00ed gr\u00e1inn\u00ed pailine \u00f3n bhf\u00e1sra m\u00f3rthimpeall. De r\u00e9ir mar a thosaigh portaigh ag f\u00e1s 10,000 bliain \u00f3 shin, tugann pailin leasaithe ag doimhneachta\u00ed \u00e9ags\u00fala taifead d\u00fainn thar na m\u00edlte bliain, rud a ligeann d\u2019eolaithe athruithe r\u00e9igi\u00fanacha ar fh\u00e1sra a chinneadh le himeacht ama. Is f\u00e9idir le hanail\u00eds ar chro\u00edthe m\u00f3na cabhr\u00fa freisin le doicim\u00e9ad\u00fa a dh\u00e9anamh ar athr\u00fa aer\u00e1ide, ar thruailli\u00fa an atmaisf\u00e9ir agus ar imeachta\u00ed sonracha sa stair, mar uaini\u00fa br\u00fachta\u00ed bolc\u00e1nacha. C\u00e9 go nd\u00e9antar staid\u00e9ar forleathan air, leanann taighde ar go leor gn\u00e9ithe \u00e9ags\u00fala de phortaigh na h\u00c9ireann. T\u00e1 tionscadal amh\u00e1in d\u00e1 leith\u00e9id ag f\u00e9achaint ar an bpoit\u00e9inseal do phlanda\u00ed portaigh mar leigheasanna. Bhain go leor planda\u00ed d\u00fachasacha portaigh le leigheasanna traidisi\u00fanta a bhaineann leo mar ch\u00f3ire\u00e1il pian boilg n\u00f3 tinneas fiacaile le Tormentil (Potentilla erecta), Dr\u00facht\u00edn (Drosera sp.) a \u00fas\u00e1idtear le haghaidh galar bronchial n\u00f3 olc, tonic \u00f3 Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata) le haghaidh hailt pianmhar, casacht, cailli\u00faint goile n\u00f3 boilg suaiteachta, agus fraoch \u00e1 n-\u00fas\u00e1id chun riochta\u00ed urinary agus fualacha a ch\u00f3ire\u00e1il, chomh maith le scoilteacha agus airtr\u00edteas. Is tionscadal \u00e9 C\u00f3gaslann D\u00falra a Dh\u00edghlas\u00e1il at\u00e1 ar bun ag Col\u00e1iste na Tr\u00edon\u00f3ide, Baile \u00c1tha Cliath ag d\u00edri\u00fa ar \u00fas\u00e1id\u00ed f\u00e9ideartha teiripeacha agus tr\u00e1cht\u00e1la do phlanda\u00ed portaigh d\u00fachasacha na h\u00c9ireann a aithint. D\u2019fh\u00e9adfadh tairbh\u00ed suntasacha socheacnama\u00edocha a bheith ag baint le fionnachtain agus t\u00e1irgeadh inbhuanaithe leigheasanna den s\u00f3rt sin don phobal tuaithe at\u00e1 ina gc\u00f3na\u00ed in\u00e1r bratphortaigh agus taobh leo.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e9n f\u00e1th a bhfuil bratphortaigh t\u00e1bhachtach? Ar dt\u00fas chl\u00fadaigh siad achar de thart ar 7,750 km2 (775,000 heicte\u00e1r n\u00f3 1,915,067 acra), is iad bratphortaigh na portaigh is fairsinge de thailte m\u00f3na na h\u00c9ireann. Is ionann an limist\u00e9ar seo agus 8% de bhratphortaigh an domhain. Ach c\u00e9n f\u00e1th a bhfuil na gn\u00e1th\u00f3ga seo t\u00e1bhachtach? T\u00e1 bratphortaigh […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":499,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-295","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00e1bhacht Bratphortach - Natura Communities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.naturacommunities.ie\/ga\/tabhacht-bratphortach\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ga_IE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00e1bhacht Bratphortach - Natura Communities\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u00e9n f\u00e1th a bhfuil bratphortaigh t\u00e1bhachtach? Ar dt\u00fas chl\u00fadaigh siad achar de thart ar 7,750 km2 (775,000 heicte\u00e1r n\u00f3 1,915,067 acra), is iad bratphortaigh na portaigh is fairsinge de thailte m\u00f3na na h\u00c9ireann. Is ionann an limist\u00e9ar seo agus 8% de bhratphortaigh an domhain. Ach c\u00e9n f\u00e1th a bhfuil na gn\u00e1th\u00f3ga seo t\u00e1bhachtach? 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